Article: Study results from S. Smith and colleagues in the area of crop research published.

"Most genetic gains in U.S. maize (Zea mays L.) breeding come from pedigree breeding compared to more predictable backcrossing strategies. Historically, breeding access to proprietary maize germplasm was limited by trade secrets and heterotic group assignation," scientists in the United States report.

"Advances in marker technologies, doubled haploidy and off-season nurseries have revolutionized the speed and efficiency of germplasm access and utilization. Immediate access and facilitated deployment of germplasm that is already widely used in cultivation reduces the effective level of intellectual property protection (IPP) that was previously in effect by virtue ...

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