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Article: ESP under hypnosis: the role of induction instructions and personality characteristics.(extrasensory perception)(Report)
- Article from:
- The Journal of Parapsychology
- Article date:
- March 22, 2007
- Author:
CopyrightCOPYRIGHT 2007 Parapsychology Press. This material is published under license from the publisher through the Gale Group, Farmington Hills, Michigan. All inquiries regarding rights should be directed to the Gale Group. (Hide copyright information)
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The role of hypnosis as a mediator for ESP has been documented (see Stanford & Stein's 1994 meta-analysis). Even if it is well established that hypnosis facilitates ESP better than normal awakening or self-relaxation, little, if any, systematic research on the role of specific instructions to induce hypnosis has been carried out. Cardena (2006, 2007) repeatedly underlined that enhanced psi phenomena depend on a trait (high hypnotizability), a state (the hypnotic context), or an interaction between the two.
In this paper we manipulated the state, comparing directly the efficacy of two kinds of instructions. The first, which we named ESP, was characterized by the ...