Article: The similarities of valuing real estate and bonds, and the diversification benefits of investing in real estate.

According to the dividend discount model (DDM), the intrinsic value of a stock ([P.sub.0]) equals the present value of all future dividends discounted at the stockholder's required rate of return (k) and growing at a constant rate (g). Mathematically, the model is:

[P.sub.0] = [D.sub.1] / (k - g)

The cap rate model to real estate valuation looks very similar to the DDM and is:

V = NOI/capitalization rate

where:

V = intrinsic value of the investment

NOI = net operating income capitalization

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