Article: Check fraud: a sophisticated criminal enterprise.

Like waves on the ocean, variations of fraudulent activity keep pounding the shores of the banking industry. Prior to the 1980s, bank fraud schemes generally involved only a few transactions perpetrated by a single individual or small group. Losses averaged less than $100,000 to the victim institution, and law enforcement investigations were fairly routine in nature.

Following deregulation of the savings and loan industry in 1982 and the initiation of more speculative, risky ventures by those in charge of these institutions, a new wave of fraud emerged. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, large-scale frauds perpetrated by institution insiders and those held in ...

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