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Article: Estimated risks of water and saliva contamination by phthalate diffusion from plasticized polyvinyl chloride.(INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES)(Report)
- Article from:
- Journal of Environmental Health
- Article date:
- October 1, 2008
- Author:
CopyrightCOPYRIGHT 2008 National Environmental Health Association. This material is published under license from the publisher through the Gale Group, Farmington Hills, Michigan. All inquiries regarding rights should be directed to the Gale Group. (Hide copyright information)
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Introduction
In the 20th century, interest in polymers grew rapidly because of the wide range of applications of polymers in the plastic, rubber, fiber, adhesive, paint, and other industries. Plasticization is one of the most commonly used techniques for the manufacture of polymeric materials (Allcock & Lampe, 1990). Plasticization consists of mixing a rigid plastic (thermoplastic) with a low-molecular-weight substance (the plasticizer) to obtain a flexible material (Gachter & Muller, 1993; Peen, 1967). The esters of phthalic acid (phthalates) are some of the plasticizers used worldwide, with dibutyl phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate, dioctyl (also known as ...