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Article: Pioneers of the vocational guidance movement: a centennial celebration.(Special Section: The 100th Anniversary of Vocational Guidance Introduction to the Special Section)
- Article from:
- Career Development Quarterly
- Article date:
- March 1, 2009
- Author:
CopyrightCOPYRIGHT 2009 National Career Development Association. This material is published under license from the publisher through the Gale Group, Farmington Hills, Michigan. All inquiries regarding rights should be directed to the Gale Group. (Hide copyright information)
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Beginning late in the 19th century, social reformers began to call for vocational guidance to meet the needs of newcomers to rapidly growing cities. These reformers hoped that teachers and social workers would construct and use scientific methods of guidance to replace 19th-century charity work with a 20th-century professional service. As a consequence, personal forms of mentoring and "friendly visiting" (Richmond, 1899, p. 5) gave way to the scientific philanthropy of a bureaucratic society. Lysander Richards (1881) wrote Vocophy: The New Profession about the need for a new profession of vocational assistance. George Merrill began vocational guidance in Cogswell High ...