Article: Comparative Political Philosophy: Studies Under the Upas Tree.

Edited by Anthony J. Parel and Ronald C Keith New Delhi: Sage Publications, 1992, 262 pp. Rs. 225.

Professor Parel explains the metaphor of the Upas Tree. Gandhi used it "to describe the impact of modernity as `modern civilization' on humanity" (p. 27). Majid Tehranian identifies that impact or "the Rousseau effect" in the context of "Ayatolla Khomeini's zeal for a return to the purity and justice of pristine Islam", not the self-sufficient Aristotelian polls (p. 221). Parel also links the metaphor of the tree, in the history of ideas, to Buddha, Plato and Bentham (p. 28). The founder of Buddhism was a sixth century B.C. religious philosopber and teacher, Siddhartha ...

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