Article: Scientists at University of Pennsylvania discuss research in enzyme research.

In this recently published article, scientists in the United States conducted a study "To ascertain, using specific inhibitors, the potential role of calcium-related signal transduction pathways in the mechanism of cartilage matrix protein gene induction and metalloproteinase gene suppression by capacitively coupled electric fields. Articular chondrocytes were isolated from adult bovine patellae and cultured in high density for 7 days."

"To study matrix protein expression, cells cultured in the absence or presence of specific calcium pathway inhibitors were exposed to a capacitively coupled electrical field (60 kHz, 20 mV/cm): for aggrecan 1 h at 50% duty cycle ...

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