Article: Zero & friends: spearheaded by two artists based in postwar Dusseldorf, Zero was too dynamic and heterogeneous to be called a style. Its emphasis on light, movement and ephemeral phenomena attracted like-minded innovators throughout Europe.(Otto Piene and Heinz Mack)

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THE PAST SEASON IN NEW YORK was a particularly rich time for devotees of the movement Zero, whose reputation in Europe has been secure for decades. A motor of avant-garde activity centered in Dusseldorf from 1957 to 1966, Zero made important innovations in performance, kinetic, environmental, reductivist and light-and-space art--pursuits that were then nascent globally. At the nucleus of this loose affiliation were the artists Otto Piene and Heinz Mack, who had met in May 1950 as students at the city's Academy of Fine Arts. A recent, altogether absorbing exhibition at Sperone Westwater Gallery, "ZERO in New York," assembled works by these ...

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