Article: Egg laying, egg temperature, attentiveness, and incubation in the Western Bluebird.(Report)

Timing and duration of egg-laying bouts have been mostly studied in open-cup or groundnesting species that are amenable to direct observation (Wiebe and Martin 1995, Oppenheimer et al. 1996, McMaster et al. 1999). Egglaying times are commonly estimated by visiting a nest before and after a new egg appears, and deducing when during that interval the egg was laid (Weatherhead et al. 1991, Oppenheimer et al. 1996, McMaster et al. 2004). Indirect methods also have been used in incubation studies with nest attendance (presence at the nest) often implicitly equated with parental incubation, and attentiveness often equated with incubation attentiveness. Observations of nocturnal ...

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