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Article: Party aggregation and the number of parties in India and the United States.
- Article from:
- American Political Science Review
- Article date:
- June 1, 1998
- Author:
CopyrightCOPYRIGHT 1998 Cambridge University Press. This material is published under license from the publisher through the Gale Group, Farmington Hills, Michigan. All inquiries regarding rights should be directed to the Gale Group. (Hide copyright information)
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Prominent explanations for differences in the number of political parties across countries, most notably Duverger's Law and the literature related to it, have focused on the role of electoral systems. Differences in district magnitude, electoral formulas, the number of run-offs, and presidentialism have each been hypothesized as determining the number of parties (Cox 1997; Duverger [1954] 1963; Lijphart 1994; Rae 1971; Riker 1982; Shugart and Carey 1992; Taagepera and Shugart 1989). Ethnic heterogeneity has also been associated with multiple party systems.(1) In accounting for changes in the number of national parties over time within individual countries, however, ...
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