Article: `Custodians of Conscience: Investigative Journalism and Public Virtue' by James S. Ettema and Theodore L. Glasser Columbia University Press. 233 pages. $49.50 hardcover, $17.50 paper).

In the theology of American journalism, investigative reporters operate as princes and princesses of the Church _ the best of us, at least according to ``us.'' When they get their story _ or more often series of stories _ they're heroes to their colleagues and a scourge to no-goodniks in the body politic.

If their stories shake up things, produce reforms and win a coveted Pulitzer, they're fit for beatification.

And if they manage to pull off a lifetime of such hard-nosed achievement _ as in the cases of Ida Tarbell and Lincoln Steffens _ they can expect canonization, even if journalists haven't yet substituted ``proof of two sources'' for ``proof of two ...

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