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Article: Gradients in the composition, structure, and diversity of remnant oak savannas in southern Wisconsin.
- Article from:
- Ecological Monographs
- Article date:
- August 1, 1999
- Author:
CopyrightCOPYRIGHT 1999 Ecological Society of America. This material is published under license from the publisher through the Gale Group, Farmington Hills, Michigan. All inquiries regarding rights should be directed to the Gale Group. (Hide copyright information)
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INTRODUCTION
Savannas with a scattered canopy of oaks covered millions of hectares in the North American Midwest soon after settlement (Gleason 1913, Anderson 1983, Nuzzo 1986, Leach and Ross 1995). Frequent fires, drought, soil poverty, or grazing are thought to have maintained the open nature of oak savannas, creating a mosaic of sunlit and shaded microsites in their ground layers (Gleason 1923, Bray 1958, 1960, Curtis 1959, Grimm 1983, 1984, Anderson and Brown 1986, Packard 1988a, b, 1993, Tester 1989, 1995, Haney and Apfelbaum 1990, Pruka 1994, Rebertus and Burns 1997). Following settlement and widespread fire suppression through overt means as well as ...
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