Article: BEACONS AND BANNERS.(the use of signals during the Spanish Armada)(Brief Article)

Signals played a crucial role in the Armada campaign. On July 29, after English scouts spotted the Armada in the Channel, a network of fire beacons spread the news throughout the kingdom. The beacons, which consisted of iron baskets filled with tar-soaked brushwood, had been placed on hilltops across England in anticipation of the Armada's arrival. When the fleet was sighted, the nearest basket was lit. Soon a chain of beacons along the southwestern coast and far inland was bursting into flame. This fiery signal system was swift and reliable. Within hours after the first fire was ignited, Elizabeth and most of her ...

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