Article: AN EARLY CHAPTER IN NAVAL HISTORY DETAILED IN A FIRST-RATE ACCOUNT.(Lifestyle)(Review)

On April 3, 1798, President John Adams sent to Congress documents detailing the efforts of three French officials to extort a ``loan'' of 1 million pounds and a bribe of another 50,000 pounds to secure U.S. merchant ships from seizure by French privateers.

The incident became known as ``The XYZ Affair'' for the coded names of the three French officials involved in the shakedown attempt, and it gave birth to the slogan ``Millions for defense, but not a penny for tribute.'' It also moved Congress, on June 30, to authorize Adams to accept ``any armed vessels . . . offered to him for the use of the United States, to be employed in public service.''

The ...

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