Article: "Dead many times': Cathleen ni Houlihan, Yeats, two old women, and a vampire.(W.B. Yeats)

The figure of Cathleen ni Houlihan as an Old Woman representing Ireland now seems familiar, virtually a national revolutionary icon, for better or for worse; (1) however, the figure was effectively invented in the play W. B. Yeats and Augusta Gregory wrote in 1901, Cathleen ni Houlihan. (2) Cathleen's portrayal there is a departure from earlier depictions and was to establish the 'definitive Cathleen'. It does this by joining together two discrete, well-established, and very different figures: beautiful young Cathleen ni Houlihan and the legendary aged Cailleach Bhearra. This linking would seem to have been accomplished not by Yeats but by Lady Augusta Gregory (with Yeats's ...

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