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Article: Dispersal and migration in northern forest deer--are there unifying concepts?
- Article from:
- Alces
- Article date:
- March 22, 2001
- Author:
CopyrightCOPYRIGHT 2001 Alces. This material is published under license from the publisher through the Gale Group, Farmington Hills, Michigan. All inquiries regarding rights should be directed to the Gale Group. (Hide copyright information)
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ABSTRACT: I summarize studies of natal dispersal and seasonal migrations in 5 species of forest deer: moose (Alces alces), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), mule deer (O. hemionus), and black-tailed deer (O. h. columbianus). Six main features of behavior characterize dispersal in these species: season of dispersal; biased or equal dispersal by the sexes; dispersal in relation to animal density; dispersal in the presence of adult aggression; pre-dispersal excursions; and dispersal distance. These traits are highly variable among and within species and also vary in their proximate causation: mate and resource competition; avoidance ...