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Article: Pasha, Muhammad Ali
- Article from:
- Encyclopedia of World Biography
CopyrightCOPYRIGHT 2007 Cengage Learning. This material is published under license from the publisher through the Gale Group, Farmington Hills, Michigan. All inquiries regarding rights should be directed to the Gale Group. (Hide copyright information)
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Muhammad Ali Pasha
Often referred to as the founder of modern Egypt, Muhammad Ali Pasha (c. 1769
–
1849) was an Ottoman Turkish military leader who ruled Egypt for much of his adult life, amassing such military power that he was able to threaten the rule of the Ottoman Sultan himself.
The reforms undertaken by Muhammad Ali as he centralized his power brought the foundations of modern statehood to Egypt. He put in place a vast military and economic apparatus financed by efficient tax collections, and his armies of drafted conscripts vanquished and then permanently replaced the feuding warlord groups that had ruled much of the Middle East. Muhammad Ali modernized education, ...
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