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Article: Newcomb, Simon
- Article from:
- Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography
CopyrightCOPYRIGHT 2008 Charles Scribner's Sons. This material is published under license from the publisher through the Gale Group, Farmington Hills, Michigan. All inquiries regarding rights should be directed to the Gale Group. (Hide copyright information)
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NEWCOMB, SIMON
(
b
. Wallace, Nova Scotia, Canada, 12 March 1835;
d
. Washington, D.C., 11 July 1909),
astronomy
.
Simon Newcomb was the most honored American scientist of his time. During his lifetime his influence on professional astronomers and laymen was unparalleled, and it is still widely felt today. Having revolutionized the observational methods of the United States Naval Observatory, he reformed the entire theoretical and computational basis of the
American Ephemeris
. The planetary theories and astronomical constants that he derived are either still in official use or have been superseded only recently. Newcomb
’
s discovery of the departure of the moon from its predicted ...
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