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Article: Genes
- Article from:
- Chemistry: Foundations and Applications
- Author:
CopyrightCOPYRIGHT 2004 The Gale Group, Inc. This material is published under license from the publisher through the Gale Group, Farmington Hills, Michigan. All inquiries regarding rights should be directed to the Gale Group. (Hide copyright information)
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Genes
A gene is a unit of genetic information that codes for a single biological function or product. Genes are found on chromosomes and are made up of nucleic acid (deoxyribonucleic acid [
DNA
] for most organisms) and proteins.
COMPARISON OF GENE NUMBERS AND DNA FROM DIFFERENT SPECIES
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| Organism
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Number of genes
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Number of base pairs (millions)
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| source:
Bork, Peer, and Copely, Richard (2001). "The Draft Sequence: Filling in the Gaps."
Nature
409:818
–
820.
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| Yeast
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5,800
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12
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| Caenorhabditis elegans
(worm)
|
19,099
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97
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| Fruit fly
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13,601
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116
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| Arabidopsis
(plant)
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25,498
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115
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| Human
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30,000
–
40,000
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2,700
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The information is contained in the sequence of the ...
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Science World;
October 16, 2000 ;
700+ words
... ... and foremost, the Human Genome Project will revolutionize ... diseases caused by faulty genes--such as Huntington ... result of a single gene's mutation, or alteration. Human genome research may lead ... identified 7,000 genes, including one linked ...
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