Article: Naples, Kingdom of

NAPLES, KINGDOM OF

NAPLES, KINGDOM OF. The early modern kingdom of Naples, whose twelve provinces compromised the southern third of the Italian peninsula, was the military and fiscal cornerstone of Spain's Mediterranean empire from its conquest in December 1503. It provided significant resources of men and money in a subordinate political role as a viceroyalty in the sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Spanish imperial system. After the War of the Spanish Succession (1701 1714), the kingdom passed to the Austrian Habsburgs in 1713. During the War of the Polish Succession (1733 1738), a cadet branch of the Bourbons made Naples the capital of a new, independent Kingdom ...

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