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Article: Dams
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- Water:Science and Issues
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Copyright informationCOPYRIGHT 2003 The Gale Group Inc. This material is published under license from the publisher through the Gale Group, Farmington Hills, Michigan. All inquiries regarding rights should be directed to the Gale Group. (Hide copyright information)
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Dams
Dams are structural barriers built to obstruct or control the flow of water in rivers and streams. They are designed to serve two broad functions. The first is the storage of water to compensate for fluctuations in river discharge (flow) or in demand for water and energy. The second is the increase of
hydraulic head
, or the difference in height between water levels in the lake created upstream of the dam and the downstream river.
By creating additional storage and head, dams can serve one or more purposes:
Generating electricity;
- Supplying water for agricultural, industrial, and household needs;
- Controlling the impact of floodwaters; and
- Enhancing river navigation.
They can be ...
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