Article: Ecology, Marine

Ecology, Marine

Marine ecology describes the interactions of marine species with their biotic (living) and abiotic (nonliving) environments. The biotic environment includes interactions with other living organisms. The abiotic environment includes aspects of the physical habitat , such as water temperature, chemical composition, depth, and current.

Trophic Levels and Biomass Pyramids

The word "trophic" refers to feeding, and "trophic levels" describe the feeding levels in a food chain . The first trophic level includes species known as primary producers . These organisms produce organic material from inorganic substances using resources from the environment and an external ...

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