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Article: Federal Courts
- Article from:
- West's Encyclopedia of American Law
CopyrightCOPYRIGHT 2005 The Gale Group, Inc. This material is published under license from the publisher through the Gale Group, Farmington Hills, Michigan. All inquiries regarding rights should be directed to the Gale Group. (Hide copyright information)
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FEDERAL COURTS
The U.S. judicial tribunals created by Article III of the Constitution, or by Congress, to hear and determine
justiciable
controversies.
The Constitution created the Supreme Court and empowered Congress, in Article I, Section 8, to establish inferior federal courts. The authority of federal courts is limited to that given to them by the federal statutes that created them. Federal courts exist independently of the system of courts in each state that adjudicate controversies that arise pursuant to the laws of that state.
Legislative and Constitutional Courts
Constitutional courts are established pursuant to Article III of the Constitution, which states, "The judicial Power ...