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Dictionary definition: matrix
- Article from:
- A Dictionary of Statistics
- Author:
Copyright© A Dictionary of Statistics 2004, originally published by Oxford University Press 2004. (Hide copyright information)
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matrix
An
r
×
c
matrix
consists of a rectangular array with
r
rows and
c
columns, in which the elements are either numbers or algebraic expressions. Example
matrices
(the plural form) are:When the array is not written out in full, a matrix is usually denoted by a bold-face capital letter,
e.g.
X
, or by a typical
element
(or
entry
) from the array, shown in curly brackets,
e.g.
{
x
jk
}, where
x
jk
is the element in the
j
th row and
k
th column of the matrix. If
r
=
c
the matrix is
square
.
If a matrix {
x
jk
} is multiplied by the real number
s
, then the result is a matrix in which the element in the
j
th row and
k
th column is
sx
jk
. Such a real number
s
is often referred to as a
scalar
.
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