Article: Precepts, 613

Precepts, 613 A precept of the Torah, a mitzvah , is a divine command contained in the Pentateuch and can be either a positive precept—a command to do something—or a negative precept—a command to refrain from doing something. The command to give charity, for example, is a positive precept. The command not to steal is a negative precept. The idea that there are 613 precepts is first found in a homily delivered, according to the Talmud ( Makkot 23b), by the third-century Palestinian preacher, Rabbi Simlai. This teacher states that there are 613 precepts: 365 negative precepts, corresponding to the days of the solar year, and 248 positive precepts, corresponding to the ...

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