Article: Research on Weightlessness Holds Key to Mars Mission; Focus Is on Body's Response to Long Trips

At special facilities in the United States, France and the Soviet Union, groups of healthy volunteers have spent from one week to one year lying in bed and living at a 6-degree, head-down slant. They eat by propping themselves up on one elbow. They shower in bed using hand-held nozzles, and they use bedpans. To exercise, they move their legs in the air or do isometrics.

The experiments are the closest scientists have come to simulating on the ground the effects of prolonged weightlessness in space. The results of this kind of research may hold the key to when, or even if, human beings will be able to explore the planets.

Although the United States, the Soviets and the European space ...

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