Article: The Father Of Modern Russia

PETER THE GREAT By Henri Troyat Translated from the French by Joan Pinkham Dutton. 392 pp. $22.95

ON A SHORE beaten by desolate waves HE stood . . ." Pushkin had no need to explain who, in the opening lines of "The Bronze Horseman," HE was. For the educated 19th-century Russian, the effects of HIS reign were everywhere. The historian, M.P. Pogodin, wrote in 1841:

"We wake up. What day is it?-Peter the Great ordered us to count the months from January, the years from the birth of Christ.

"It is time to dress-our clothes derive from fashions established by Peter the Great, made in factories which he devised, from wool shorn from the sheep which he introduced into Russia.

"Our newspapers ...

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