Article: What are hydroponically grown plants, and what's the advantage (or downside) over traditional growing?

Hydroponics (from the Greek "hydro," for water, and "ponos," for labor) is the growing of plants without soil.

We all know that plants need carbon dioxide and water, but there are all sorts of other things they need to live, which they usually get from soil. Those include nitrogen and magnesium, which is at the core of the chlorophyll molecule.

The key insight is that all the things a plant ordinarily gets from soil can instead be taken up from water containing dissolved nutrients. The dirt the plant is in is needed only to help hold the plant up.

This means plants can be grown with their roots in liquid solutions; they can be kept upright by sticking them in an inert substance like gravel ...

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