Article: Researchers find fertile field for innovation in labor-intensive agriculture

American apple growers can't predict the yield of each year's crop, nor the size of fruits that make up annual harvests.

"Orchard agriculture is the exact opposite of a modern factory," said Sanjiv Singh, a research professor at Carnegie Mellon University's Robotics Institute. "In manufacturing, managers can decide how many of something they produce and when."

But growing specialty crops -- apples and oranges, for example -- relies on people walking among rows of trees, examining fruit health, checking for bugs and noting branches that need to be thinned or pruned.

"What we're trying to do is increase the efficiency of producing apples," Singh said last week, standing at the edge of one of ...

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