Article: Surveyor Banneker helped lay out D.C.

The street plan for Washington, D.C., was laid out almost two centuries ago with the help of a man who became the first black presidential appointee.

Benjamin Banneker was born a free man near Baltimore in 1731. He learned to read from his English grandmother, who had been an indentured servant.

As a young man, he showed exceptional talent for mathematics and anything mechanical. Before he was 22, he designed and built an unusual clock, perhaps the first of its kind in America. Made of wood, unlike the timepieces that required imported parts, his clock reportedly ran for more than 20 years.

With books borrowed from a neighbor, Banneker learned enough about mathematics and astronomy ...

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