Article: Lessons from earthquakes: there isn't always someone to blameWhen the earth goes from under our feet, we'd rather feel guilty than helpless

"Lisbon which is no more, was it really more vicious Than London or than Paris, plunged in all that's delicious?

Yet Lisbon is in ruins, while in Paris they dance . . ."

THIS IS part of Voltaire's "Poem on the Lisbon Disaster". He wrote it after the earthquake of 1 November 1755, which destroyed most of the city and killed - by collapse, fire or tidal wave - something like 15,000 people. With this poem, he managed to smash a hole right through 18th-century assumptions about a benevolent God and sinful mortals.

Nobody, I think, will write poems about the Kobe earthquake last week. It could be said to challenge plenty of late-20th-century assumptions, some of them about the benevolent free ...

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