Article: Out of Body Medicine: Doctors Turn to Computer Simulators to Enhance Their Skills

Timothy Fike's face was a moving target. It urgently needed rearranging -- but his 11-year-old bones were still growing.

From his cheeks to just above his chin, the bones of his skull weren't developing properly. His eyes appeared to protrude from their too-shallow sockets, and his throat and nasal cavity were narrowing, forcing him to struggle for breath. Surgery couldn't be postponed, but where should the surgeon cut to get the best result?

In an office at Johns Hopkins Hospital, a three-dimensional image of Timothy's skull stared from Craig Vander Kolk's computer screen. Vander Kolk stared back. Timothy had Crouzon's syndrome, a rare inherited disorder of bone development. His ...

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