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OF WHAT VALUE IS PHILOSOPHY TO SCIENCE? A REVIEW OF MAX R. BENNETT AND P. M. S. HACKER'S PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF NEUROSCIENCE

ABSTRACT: The book Philosophical Foundations of Neuroscience (2003) is an engaging criticism of cognitive neuroscience from the perspective of a Wittgensteinian philosophy of ordinary language. The authors' main claim is that assertions like "the brain sees" and "the left hemisphere thinks" are integral to cognitive neuroscience but that they are meaningless because they commit the mereological fallacy-ascribing to parts of humans, properties that make sense to predicate only of whole humans. The authors claim that this fallacy is at the heart of Cartesian dualism, implying that current cognitive neuroscientists are Cartesian dualists. Against this claim, we argue that the fallacy cannot be ...

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