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Osmotic stress induces terminal differentiation in cultured normal human epidermal keratinocytes

Abstract The signals for epidermal differentiation and barrier formation are largely unknown. One possible signal is dehydration or osmotic stress. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the effects of osmotic stress on markers of differentiation of normal human keratinocytes in culture. Hyperosmotic stress treatment of normal human keratinocyte cultures by elevated sorbitol concentrations was observed to induce markers of terminal differentiation. Sorbitol was added to keratinocyte media at 50, 100, 200, and 300 mM final concentration. These concentrations of sorbitol induce a dehydration effect or osmotic stress on the keratinocytes. These sorbitol treatments increased the levels of ...

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