Mechanical testing of biological materials is a continuously developing field that requires the testing of hierarchical structures. This article discusses the use of nanoindentation as a valuable tool for assessing multiple length scales as well as parts of complex biological systems. The multiple issues that must be accounted for while testing biological materials are also presented. In addition, dynamic nanoindentation is introduced as a method for testing soft tissues under optimized loading frequencies encountered in everyday movements.

INTRODUCTION

Biological materials are currently subject to intensive research1,2 since they offer a unique library of approaches for the improvement of ...

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