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A Convective Heat-Transfer Model for Partial and Full Penetration Keyhole Mode Laser Welding of a Structural Steel

In the keyhole mode laser welding of many important engineering alloys such as structural steels, convective heat transport in the weld pool significantly affects temperature fields, cooling rates, and solidification characteristics of welds. Here we present a comprehensive model for understanding these important weld parameters by combining an efficient keyhole model with convective three-dimensional (3-D) heat-transfer calculations in the weld pool for both partial and full penetration laser welds. A modified turbulence model based on Prandtl's mixing length hypotheses is included to account for the enhanced heat and mass transfer due to turbulence in the weld pool by calculating ...

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