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Article: TGF[beta]/Activin/Nodal Pathway in Inhibition of Human Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation by Mechanical Strain
- Article from:
- Biophysical Journal
- Article date:
- May 15, 2008
- Author:
CopyrightCopyright Biophysical Society May 15, 2008. Provided by ProQuest LLC. (Hide copyright information)
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ABSTRACT
Cyclic biaxial mechanical strain has been reported to inhibit human embryonic stem cell differentiation without selecting against survival of differentiated or undifferentiated cells. We show that TGFβ/Activin/Nodal signaling plays a crucial role in repression of human embryonic stem cell (hESC) differentiation under mechanical strain. Strain-induced transcription of TGFβ1, Activin A, and Nodal, and upregulated Similar to Mothers Against Decapentaplegic homolog (Smad)2/3 phosphorylation in undifferentiated hESC. TGFβ/Activin/Nodal receptor inhibitor SB431542 stimulated differentiation of hESCs cultured under biaxial strain. Exogenous addition of TGFβ1, Activin ...