Bias corrections for historical sea surface temperatures based on Marine...

Journal of Climate;  January 1, 2002 ;     700+ words ......nighttime marine air temperatures and SST observations from the Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere...bias corrections required for in situ SST observations, and to evaluate bias estimates currently...independent estimate. The longest dataset of SST observations is based on observations ...

An improved in situ and satellite SST analysis for climate

Journal of Climate;  July 1, 2002 ;     700+ words ......meters. (A relatively small fraction of SST observations, roughly 5%, is obtained from profiles...temperatures may occur.) Although selected SST observations can be very accurate (see Kent et...a few tenths of a degree Celsius. SST observations from drifting and moored buoys were...

Observations of Large-Scale Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction in the Southern...

Journal of Climate;  March 15, 2008 ;     700+ words ......1980s, most sea surface temperature (SST) observations were measured in situ on board ships...and thus there are fewer in situ SST observations in the Southern Ocean (e.g., Reynolds...several decades of satellite-derived SST observations available for the SH, a period long...

An Infrared Sea Surface Temperature Autonomous Radiometer (ISAR) for...

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology;  January 1, 2008 ;     700+ words ......accurate knowledge of uncertainty for all of the complementary SST observations used in the merging process. In the case of infrared satellite...the satellite SST product. To properly validate satellite SST observations, contemporaneous in situ measurements of SST must be obtained...

Validation of microwave sea surface temperature measurements for climate...

Journal of Climate;  January 1, 2003 ;     700+ words ...ABSTRACT A comparison is provided between recent SST observations obtained from the TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI) with...highlights the significant value added by the microwave SST observations above what can be obtained from infrared technology...

On dipolelike variability of sea surface temperature in the tropical...

Journal of Climate;  June 1, 2002 ;     700+ words ......relationship to ENSO in more detail. SST observations and results from a series of coupled...major conclusions in section 4. 2. SST observations We use the monthly SST dataset of...SST anomalies from the Hadley Centre SST observations during the period 1949-98 and from...

Toward Estimating Climatic Trends in SST. Part I: Methods of Measurement

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology;  March 1, 2006 ;     700+ words ......early 1980s. There are significant differences between SST observations made by different methods. The rounding of reports is more...methods employed. Thus, while it is known that more recent SST observations also contain errors resulting from different observing...

Sentinel-2 sat stats: planning for Sentinel-2 for GMES.

GEO: connexion;  June 1, 2008 ;     700+ words ......of GPS and terrestrial observations, including cadastral observation types. The latest release of MOVE3, version 4.0, now features...new MOVE3 kernel facilitates easier integration of new observation types. In addition to the new kernel, a number of enhancements...

SST observations of the Agulhas and East Madagascar retroflections by the...

Journal of Physical Oceanography;  May 1, 2002 ;     700+ words ...ABSTRACT The retroflections of the East Madagascar Current and Agulhas Current are complex rapidly evolving systems, the latter controlling the passage of warm salty water from the Indian Ocean to the Atlantic. The TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI) provides frequent observations of sea surface

Reconstructing, Monitoring, and Predicting Multidecadal-Scale Changes in...

Journal of Climate;  April 1, 2004 ;     700+ words ...ABSTRACT Sea surface temperature (SST) observations in the North Atlantic indicate the existence of strong multidecadal variability with a unique spatial structure. It is shown by...

SST Assimilation Experiments in a Tropical Pacific Ocean Model

Journal of Physical Oceanography;  March 1, 2004 ;     700+ words ...ABSTRACT With a simple 3DVar assimilation algorithm, a new scheme of assimilating sea surface temperature (SST) observations is proposed in this paper. In this new scheme, the linear relation between any two neighboring depths was derived using...

Toward Estimating Climatic Trends in SST. Part III: Systematic Biases

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology;  March 1, 2006 ;     700+ words ...ABSTRACT A method is developed to quantify systematic errors in two types of sea surface temperature (SST) observations: bucket and engine-intake measurements. A simple linear model is proposed where the SST measured using a bucket is cooled or warmed...

A Description of Interdecadal Time-Scale Propagating North Atlantic Sea...

Journal of Climate;  April 1, 2006 ;     700+ words ......boundary. Heat flux and surface air temperature signatures of these anomalies are investigated using satellite- and ship-based SST observations and atmospheric reanalysis. Using bandpass filter analysis, retaining periods between 9 and 25 yr, a succession of coherent...

Estimating sea surface temperature from infrared satellite and in situ...

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society;  December 1, 2001 ;     700+ words ......regressing satellite infrared measurements against in situ SST observations made by drifting/moored buoys and ships are examined. The...atmosphere. One of the most common operational applications of SST observations is as a boundary layer input and an assimilation dataset...

The impact of ocean initial conditions on ENSO forecasting with a coupled...

Monthly Weather Review;  May 1, 1997 ;     700+ words ......came from three ocean data assimilation (DA) systems. One system is a four-dimensional DA scheme that uses conventional SST observations and vertical temperature profiles inserted into the ocean model and is forced from winds from an operational analysis...