Article: Do you have 'voltage drop'?

WHETHER OR NOT IT'S A MOTOR (AS IN FIGures 1 and 2), any electrical load will be supplied by a basic circuit as shown in Figure 1.

Somewhere back upstream is Item B-a so-called infinite bus. That's the ultimate source, at which voltage (measured at Point 1) remains constant regardless of load current. Electrical system capacity at this point is expressed as a value of "available" or "short-circuit" kVA. At all downstream points, current flow through other circuit elements produces a voltage drop to some lower level.

Location No. 1 is usually the utility service entrance to the premises. (In some instances, however, one may have to go all the way back to the turbine generator in a utility ...

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