Article: A case study of the variational assimilation of GPS Zenith delay observations into a mesoscale model

ABSTRACT

Results from a case study of the four-dimensional variational assimilation of total zenith delay (TZD) observations from a dense global positioning system (GPS) network into the Pennsylvania State University-National Center for Atmospheric Research Fifth-Generation Mesoscale Model are reported. TZD is made up of the resealed pressure and precipitable water at the site of the GPS receiver. Profiler-wind and radio acoustic sounding system (RASS) virtual temperature observations are also included in the assimilation experiments. Four experiments are performed. The study targets the 12-h period from 0000 to 1200 UTC 6 December 1997, characterized by the passage of a frontal system ...

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