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Article: THE FIGHT FOR THE RIGHT TO FIGHT AND THE FORGOTTEN NEGRO PROTEST MOVEMENT: THE HISTORY OF EXECUTIVE ORDER 9981 AND ITS EFFECT UPON BROWN V. BOARD OF EDUCATION AND BEYOND
- Article from:
- Texas Journal on Civil Liberties & Civil Rights
- Article date:
- December 1, 2004
- Author:
CopyrightCopyright University of Texas, Austin, School of Law Publications, Inc. Winter 2004. Provided by ProQuest LLC. (Hide copyright information)
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I. INTRODUCTION
"The colored man in uniform is expected by the War Department to develop a high morale in a community that offers him nothing but humiliation and mistreatment. . . . The War Department has failed to secure to the colored soldier protection against violence on the part of civilian police and to secure justice in the courts in communities near-by to Southern stations. . . . On the training fields the development of morale does not take into consideration JimCrow laws and customs. The "Four Freedoms" cannot be enjoyed under Jim-Crow influences."
-Brigadier General Benjamin O. Davis, Sr.1
With these words, the first black general in the United States military, Brigadier General ...