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Immunopathogenesis of HIV infection

Progression of HIV infection is largely dependent on the interaction between the viral factors and host factors. HIV primarily infects the CD4 lymphocytes in the body. It brings about the destruction of CD4 cells through multiple mechanisms including apoptosis. The loss of CD4 cell population ultimately leads to the inability of infected person to deal with opportunistic organisms. Host genetic factors such as HLA polymorphism and HIV co-receptor polymorphism may influence either susceptibility to infection or disease progression. Innate immune mechanisms may play a role in disease progression. However, adaptive immune response is the most critical component of immune system for control of ...

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