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Neuron-Astrocyte Interactions: Partnership for Normal Function and Disease in the Central Nervous System
- Article from:
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Mayo Clinic Proceedings
- Article date:
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October 1, 2005
- Author:
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Copyright informationCopyright Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research Oct 2005. Provided by ProQuest LLC. (Hide copyright information)
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Interactions between neurons and astrocytes are critical for signaling, energy metabolism, extracellular ion homeostasis, volume regulation, and neuroprotection in the central nervous system. Astrocytes face the synapses, send end-foot processes that enwrap the brain capillaries, and form an extensive network interconnected by gap junctions. Astrocytes express several membrane proteins and enzymes that are critical for uptake of glutamate at the synapses, ammonia detoxification, buffering of extracellular K+, and volume regulation. They also participate in detection, propagation, and modulation of excitatory synaptic signals, provide metabolic support to the active neurons, and contribute ...