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Tiny Marine Organisms Reflect Ocean Warming

Sediment cores collected from the seafloor off Southern California reveal that plankton populations in the northeastern Pacific Ocean changed significantly in response to a general warming trend that started in the early 1900s.

As ocean temperatures increased, subtropical and tropical species of small marine organisms called foraminifera (forams) became more abundant. Forams that live in cooler waters decreased, especially after the mid-1970s. Oceanographer David Field discovered these changes during his Ph.D. work at Scripps Institution of Oceanography.

Most forams live near the surface of the ocean. Different species of forams live in ocean waters of different temperatures. When forams ...

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